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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ISAAC P. TURNER, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO ANDREIV L. GRANV- FORD, OF TROY, NEIV YORK; WM. J. CRAWFORD ADMINISTRATOR OF SAID ANDREW L. ORAVVFORD, DECEASED.

SHIRT.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 436,446, dated September 16, 1890.

Application filed May 31,1890. Serial No. 353,772. (No model.)

T and whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ISAAC P. TURNER, a citizen of the United States, residing in the city of New York, in the State of New York,

have invented a new and useful Improvement in Shirts and other Garments having Neck-Openings, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which similar parts are marked by like letters in the different views.

My invention relates mainly to the improvement of shirts and other garments which are closed or entire at the shoulders, and

I 5 have in the garment a neck-opening with a downward extension thereof in front or in rear; and the general object of my invention is to furnish such a shirt or garment'with a permanently-attached self -adjusting re-en- 2o forcing part or piece which shall extend across each of the two shoulder parts of the body portion of the garment and shall nor-- mally cover or close said downward extension of the neck-opening, and yet permit a person to conveniently put on and take oif the garment either arms first or head first. This object is attained in the shirts or garments illustrated by the aforesaid drawings, in which Figure 1 is a front elevation of a portion of an undershirt or garment of knit or woven fabric and embodying one form of my invention; Fig. 2, a plan of the same as if cut open at the sides and spread out flat, and Fig. 3 a

3 5 plan of only the re-enforcing part which nor mally closes or covers the downward front.

extension of the neck-opening in the same garment. Fig. 4 is a somewhat disproportioned elevation of a section of the same gar- 4o ment at the line .2 z in Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a similar section representing distort-ion of the parts about the neck-opening to permit the garment to be put on and taken off over the head of a person, and Fig. 6 indicates in plan 45. a similar distortion of the parts shown in Fig. 2. Fig. 7 represents a section of the parts at the line y y in Fig. 2. Fig. 8 is an elevation of the front of a portion of another undershirt or garment embodying one form of my invention; Fig. 9, an elevation of a section of the same at the line a as; Fig. 10, an elevation of. asection at the line 00 m and Fig. 11 a horizontal section at the line :n 00 in Fig. 8. Fig. 12 is a plan of a portion of the same garment opened at its sides and spread flat. Fig. 13 represents in plana part of the main body portion only of the parts shown in Fig. 12, and Fig. 14. is a section of the same at the line w w in Fig. 13. Fig. 15 is a plan of only the flattened re-enforcing part of the same garment, and Fig. 16 is a section thereof at the line 0 c. Fig. 17 is a front elevation, and Fig. 18 a rear elevation, of a portion of another shirt or garment that embraces one form of my invention, and Fig. 19 is a plan of a section of the same at the line a u in Fig. 17. Fig. 20 shows a section of the same at the line a a in Fig. 17, and Fig. 21 represents a similar section illustrating movability of the parts about the neckopening. Fig. 22 is a plan of a portion of the same garment opened at its sides and spread fiat, and Fig. 23 shows a section of the same at the linett'. Fig. 24 represents in plan a part of the main body portion of the same garment. Fig. 25 is a plan of the re-enforcing piece only of the same garment, and Fig. 26 is a section of the same at the line 5 s. Fig. 27 is a front elevation of a portion of another shirt or garment embodying one form of my invention. Figs. 28 and 29 illustrate sections of the same at the lines 0 r and T 7 and Fig. SOis a plan of a section at the line 7' r in Fig. 27. Fig. 31 is a plan of a portion of the same garment opened at its sides and spread flat. Fig. 32 is a plan of a part of the body of the same garment, and Fig. 33 is a plan of only the re-enforcing part of the same. Fig. 34 represents in front elevation a portion of an overshirt or garment which em- 0 bodies one form of my invention. Figs. 35 and 36 illustrate vertical sections of the same, taken at the lines q q and g (1 and Figs. 37 and 38 represent horizontal sections of parts in Fig. 34., taken at the lines q q and q q". 5 Fig. 39 shows in broken elevation a part of the main body portion of the same garment, and Fig. 40 is a plan of only the re-enforcingpiece thereof.

piece thereof in flat form. Fig. 41 is a front elevation of a portion of another undershirt or garment embodying one form of my invention; Fig. 42. a section thereof at the line 19 p, and Fig. 43 a section of the same at the line 19 19 Fig. 44 is a plan of a portion of the same garment opened at its sides and spread fiat; Fig. 45 a section thereof at the line 0 0', and Fig. 46 a section of the same at the line 0 0 Fig. 47 is a plan of a part of the main body portion of the same garment, and Fig. 48 is a plan of only the re-enforcing A indicates the main body portion of the garment, having the neck-opening B, with a downward extension 1) thereof midway between the ordinary armhole shown in the .body portion and at the front of the neckopening in Figs. 1, 8, 27, and 34, but at the rear of the neck-opening in Figs. 17 and 41.

C is the re-enforcing part or piece, extending across each of the two entire shoulder parts of the body portion, and having the neck-opening D, which normally nearly or quite coincides or registers with the neckopenlng B, and which has a downward extension 61 at that front or rear side of the neckopening which is diametrically opposite to the extension I; of the neck-opening in the main body portion. Normally the re-enforcing part 0 closes or covers the extension I) of the neck-opening in the body portion, and the extension at of the neck-opening in said reenforcing part 0 is closed or covered by the body portion A, essentially as illustrated by Figs. 1, 2, and 4; 8, 9, 11, and 12; 17, 18, 19, 20, and 22; 27, 28, 30, and 31; 34, 35, and 37; and 41, 42, 43, and 44.

The re-enforcing part 0 is secured to the body portion A, as by a row or rows of stitches c or c or c and c, away from said neck-openings and laterally away from said extensions thereof, and broad inner edge parts of the body A and of the re-enforce O are left loose and free along the borders e and f of the neckopenings and along the lateral sides g g and.

h h of the extensions of the neck-openings. This permits .the broad, loose, and free edge parts of the body portion and re-enforcing piece along the neck-openings and their said extensions to be readily distorted, so as to bring the neck-opening D, with its extension 61 of the re-enforcing part, and the neck-opening B, with its extension I) of the bodyportion; into substantial coincidence, as indicated by full lines in Figs. 5, 6, and 21, and by dotted lines at t t" in Figs. 9, 28, 35, and 42, and

thereby temporarily form a large opening through which the head of the person can freely pass in putting on and taking off the shirt or garment.

In carrying out my invention I have the said extensions of the neck-openings of any suitable shapes, and I commonly have the reenforcing part 0 within the body portion, as illustrated by Figs. 1, 8, 17, 2'7, and 34; but I sometimes have the re-enforcing part 0 outside of the body portion, as shown by Figs. 41 and 42. In all the garments shown the reenforcing piece 0 is self-adjusting, and does not require any buttons or fastenings to keep it in proper position about the neck of the person while the garment is being worn. Each of the garments represented by Figs. 1, 8, and 41 has the neck-openings and their extensions so shaped and arranged that .the garment is completely self-adjusting about the neck of a person wearing the garment and does not there require any buttons or fastenings.

In the shirt or garment illustrated by Figs. 17 and 18, and in the one represented by Fig. 27, the body portion A hasabandj or j around its neck-opening, which has its downward extension between the parts it 7a or 10 which can be turned or spread open,as indicated in Fig. 24 or 32, and are to be lapped and held together by a button or other fastening while the garment is being worn.

In the garment represented by Fig. 34 the body portion A has along its neck-opening a collar Z, whose end parts, while the garment is being worn, can be buttoned or secured together, and to the upper part of that portion of the re-enforcing part 0 which closes the downward extension Z) of said neck-opening.

In carrying out my invention I make'the body portion of the garment and the re-enforcing part (J each of one piece or of two or more pieces of fabric, and finish the same in any suitable style and manner. I commonly increase the thickness of that part of the body portion which covers or closes the extension cl of the neck-opening in the re-enforcing part by sewing thereto an additional fabric ply, as m, in Figs. 11, 19, 20, 35, and 37, and I commonly increase the thickness of that part of the re-enforcing piece which covers or closes the extension 12 of the neck-opening in the body portion by securing thereto an additional fabric ply, as 11, Figs. 11, 35, and 37. In the garments represented by Figs. 8, 9, 11, and 12 and by Figs. 17, 18, 19, 20, and 22'the added ply m consists of the flap m, :Figs. .15 and 16 or 25 and 26, formed on the re-enforcing part 0 in producing the extension of its neck-opening. In the garment illustrated by Figs. 8, 9, 11, and 12 the ply 91. consists of the flap n, Figs. 13 and 14, formed on the body portion in making the extension of its neckopening.

In each of the shirts or garments above described and illustrated by the aforesaid drawings, the two shoulder parts of the body portion A are entire, as are the two shoulder parts of the re-enforcing-piece C, which latter parts extend across the two shoulderparts of the body portion and thereby thicken and strengthen the same equally and symmetrically. The loose-edged neck-openings, with downward extensions thereof in the front and rear of the body portion and ire-enforcing piece, respectively, allow such openings tobe temporarily expanded in the front to rear direction without materially contracting the garment in the direction from one armhole to the other, and consequently permit a person in putting on the garment to expand said opening and insert his head through the same after having first put his arms into the usual armholes in the body portion, according to the habit or method of many persons in putting on shirts. This expansibility of the neck-openings in the front to rear direction also permits a person to put on the garment by first inserting his head through such opening when expanded and then putting his arms through the armholes, in accordance with the practice or method of numerous other persons in putting on shirts.

I claim as my invention The combination, with a garment having a body portion which has its two shoulder parts entire, two armholes, and a neck-opening with a directly-downward extension thereof midway between the armholes, of a re-enforcing piece extending across the two shoulder parts of the body portion and normally covering the said downward extension of said neck-openin g and having a neck-opening with a downward extension thereof diametrically opposite to the said downward extension of the neck-opening in the body portion and normally covered by said body portion, the edges of said neck-openings and the lateral edges of said downward extensions of the neck-openings being loose and the re-enforcing piece being secured to the body portion at a distance from said edges, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I hereunto set my hand,in the presence of two subscribing witnesses, this 27th day of May, 1890.

ISAAC P. TURNER.

Witnesses:

WILLIAM RUssELL, JEREMIAH lVIURPHY. 

